The Grenada Revolution Online

Bibliography of the Grenada Revolution

Many books, reports, dissertations, magazine and newspaper articles have been written about the Grenada Revolution. A complete bibliographical listing would include over 8,000 entries of books, documents, journal and newspaper articles. Please link to Finding Resources to track additional information you can discover for yourself.

The titles listed in this bibliography are a selection. Some titles are included because the authors were 'players' in the history of the Grenada Revolution. Because a certain title is listed does not mean the document is recommended.

Certainty is never going to be achieved about what happened. Nevertheless, we can aim for 'hard' information.

An article related to Grenada without facts, or one which throws in selective facts, is commonplace in the literature of the entire period. Be watchful for cherry-picking of facts, writer's self-preferred information, stacking the deck and for those tricky qualifiers. See if you can spot political agendas. Useful advice is that it is dangerous to read history backward. The saying 'a thousand possibilities don't make a fact' holds true in matters related to Grenada.

Bob Woodward, author of "Veil: The Secret Wars of the CIA 1981-1987," includes this quote by Ken Auletta in his "A Note to Readers":

No reporter can with 100 percent accuracy re-create events that occurred some time before. Memories play tricks on participants, the more so when the outcome has become clear. A reporter tries to guard against inaccuracies by checking with a variety of sources, but it is useful for a reader - and an author - to be humbled by this journalistic limitation.

Raw data is inconvenient. The ambiguities and the facts of differing realities makes one feel unsure. Just because you don't know the facts does not mean they don't exist. One person can quote facts and come up with a varying conclusion from another person who is using quoted facts.

Facts are not dogmatic assumptions; for example, the knee-jerk assumption that the CIA is behind every action. Yes, the CIA has a history and you can list it, but not everything bad that happened in Grenada is the result of the CIA. Don't give the agency that power. Incompetence often trumps conspiracy.

Facts require evidence in varying forms, but most valued is evidence in recorded form. Facts do not tolerate numerous inconsistencies. Facts are not a substitute for prejudice or preconceived conclusions.

The books in this bibliography contain many 'facts' and many claims of 'facts.' Even corroboration of a 'fact' may not be true in the case of documentation related to the Grenada Revolution because some writers copied their 'facts' from other writers who claimed they had the 'facts.' Thus we observe an accumulation of 'Grenada Revo Myths.'

What other means do we have for establishing facts? If a democracy needs an accurate history, how do we work through the passions, rumors and facts of the Grenada Revolution? Within the kernel called 'hearsay' or 'rumour' is often a truth. On the other hand, just because one 'heard' it, even if one 'read' it, might not make it true.

One way to settle these matters relating to truth or what really happened is to celebrate a sense of balance with facts, to try to be fair. An additional way is to respect complexity, to abide with the unsurety of things.

The optimum path to achieve a sense of how things were in this vital history of Grenada is to use source documents, find multiple corroboration, interview people, give critical consideration to the source, keep an open and creative mind, quote sources, use common sense, try not to interpret everything read as 'gospel truth' and avoid being sure one has all the answers. Matters are far more interesting in their varying shades of gray than in plain old black and white.

With the Grenada Revolution there are no easy answers.


Collections and Concentrations

In the United States and the Caribbean, there are collections and concentrations of Grenada material. The major ones are listed below. You can visit each of these institutions, but it is imperative you check as each has its own rules and procedures. Link to Finding Resources to obtain research technique information.

The Georgetown Collection; Special Collections at Georgetown University; Lauinger Library, on the southeast corner of the campus at 37th and N Streets N.W., Washington, DC

The National Archives [NARA], The Grenada Documents Microfiche Collection; second floor, College Park, Maryland

The [North American Congress on Latin America] NACLA Archive Collection [Grenada] can be found at many universities. A good research starting point, the two microfilm reels concentrating on Grenada [1974-1987] are "composed of ephemera and serials relating to socioeconomic and political conditions." The NACLA Collection is different from the journal published by NACLA of that title in which some issue articles concentrate on Grenada.

The United States Army War College, The Urgent Fury Collection, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania

The University of Florida at Gainesville, The Latin American Collection, Smathers Library, Gainesville, Florida

The University of Texas at Austin, Benson Latin American Collection, General Libraries, Austin, Texas

University of West Indies, Marryshow House Library, H.A. Blaize Street, St. George's, Grenada [now air-conditioned/humidity-controlled].


Primary Sources

Primary sources are first-hand accounts—speeches and broadcasts, official and unofficial documents, statistics, newspaper articles of the period, recounts and memoirs. These are the 'I Was There' stories. The source is telling the 'facts' and 'opinions' as seen from their point-of-view. Self-congratulation? OK, if that's what the author invites. Fudging the particulars of events? Yep, that is what some of us do. Lying by omission? Never a good policy, but sure it happens. The point here is that even though the document is a primary source, this does not make for certain truth.

The challenge of primary sources written by Grenadians about the Revo period is there are so few of them.

Bernard, Callistus, They Could Only Kill Me Once, Hibiscus Publishing, ©2006

Bishop, Maurice, Forward Ever! Three Years of the Grenadian Revolution: Speeches of Maurice Bishop, Pathfinder Press, ©1982

Bishop, Maurice, In Nobody's Backyard: Maurice Bishop's Speeches, 1979-1983: A Memorial Volume, Zed Books Ltd., ©1984

Bishop, Maurice, Maurice Bishop Speaks: The Grenada Revolution, 1979-83, Pathfinder Press, ©1983

Bishop, Maurice, Selected Speeches, 1979-1981 Ediciones Casa de las Americás, n.d. [1981; 1982]

Clarridge, Duane R., A Spy for All Seasons: My Life in the CIA [chapter on 'The Grenada Episode'], Scribner, ©1997

Crozier, Brian, edited by, The Grenada Documents, Sherwood Press Ltd., 1987

Emmanuel, Patrick A.M., Farley Brathwaite and Eudine Barriteau, Political Change and Public Opinion in Grenada 1979-1984, Occasional Paper No. 19, Institute of Social and Economic Research (Eastern Caribbean), University of the West Indies, ©1968

Gilmore, William C., The Grenada Intervention: Analysis and Documentation, Facts On File Publications, ©1984

Grenada Committee on Human Rights, Report on Human Rights Developments in Grenada [1970-1982], The Grenada Committee on Human Rights, November 1982

Grenada Foundation, Inc. George Louison and Kendrick Radix Discuss Internal Events Leading to the U.S. Invasion of Grenada, ©1984

Hughes, Alister, compiler, Violations of Human Rights in Grenada for Human Rights Research Project of the Caribbean Conference of Churches, August, 1977

Lewis, Sybil Farrell and Dale T. Mathews, (compilers), Documents on the Invasion of Grenada, Institute of Caribbean Studies, University of Puerto Rico, 1984

Martin, Tony, edited with the assistance of Dessima Williams, In Nobody's Backyard: The Grenada Revolution in Its Own Words, Volume I: The Revolution at Home, Majority Press, ©1983

Martin, Tony, edited with the assistance of Dessima Williams, In Nobody's Backyard: The Grenada Revolution in Its Own Words, Volume II: Facing the World, Majority Press, ©1985

McBarnette, Colville, compiler, Allegations of Human Violations in Grenada - Part 1 November, 1974 to July, 1977, Part II August, 1977 to February, 1978, Part III March, 1978 to May, 1978 - for Human Rights Research Project of the Caribbean Conference of Churches

Menges, Constantine C., Inside the National Security Council: The True Story of the Making and Unmaking of Reagan's Foreign Policy, [Chapter on 'Grenada'], Simon and Schuster, 1988

Purcell, Joan M., Memoirs of a Woman in Politics: Spiritual Struggles, Agape Foundation, Grenada, ©2008

Ras Herb, Rehabilitation or Death [" . . . an account of the events which took place from the 25th to the 27th October 1983, from 'I' personal stand point."], Anansi Publications, St. George's, ©1991

Romerstein, Herbert and Michael Ledeen, Grenada Documents: Overview and Selection, U.S. Department of State and Department of Defense, U.S. Government Printing Office, September, 1984

Scoon, Paul (Sir), Survival for Service: My Experiences as Governor General of Grenada, Macmillan Caribbean, ©2003

Seabury, Paul and Walter A. McDougall (eds.), Grenada Papers: The Inside Story of the Grenadian Revolution, Institute for Contemporary Studies (ICS) Press, ©1984

Shultz, George P. Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State, [Chapter on Grenada], Charles Scribner's Sons, 1993

Strober, Deborah Hart and Gerald S. Strober, (compilers), The Reagan Presidency: An Oral History of the Era, Brassey's Inc., rev. ed., ©2003—["Urgent Fury' chapter interviews with Hudson Austin, James A. Baker III, Eugenia Charles, Duane Clarridge, William J. Crowe Jr., Donald Gregg, Alexander M. Haig Jr., Fawn Hall, Charles Hill, Geoffrey Howe, Craig Johnstone, Michael Ledeen, Robert C. McFarlane, Joseph Metcalf III, Keith Mitchell, Langhorne Motley, Manuel Antonio Noriega, Oliver North, John Poindexter, Charles Powell, Colin L. Powell, Kendrick Radix, Dr. Michael A. Radix, Donald T. Regan, Paul Scoon, George P. Shultz, Sergei Tarasenko, Victor Hugo Tinoco, John W. Vessey, Caspar Weinberger, Dessima Williams, Oliver Wright].

The Grenada Documents

Current Listing of Bishop Speeches


The Books of Fedon Publishing
and the
[Grenada] Government Information Service (GIS)

fedon publishers logo The Peoples Revolutionary Government published many titles under the name Fedon Publishing. Handsome paperbound books, they were filled with excellent graphics, photographs and text celebrating different aspects of the Revolutionary programmes and events and people. The Government Information Service (GIS) also published documents. The GIS printed and issued most speeches by Maurice Bishop. Weekly releases were available free from the GIS office at Butler House.

First International Conference in Solidarity with Grenada, November 1981; People's Revolutionary Government, Grenada Is Not Alone: Speeches by the People’s Revolutionary Government at the First International Conference in Solidarity with Grenada, November, 1981., Fedon Publishing, ©1982

Hodge, Merle and Chris Searle, (eds.), Is Freedom We Making! The New Democracy in Grenada, Fedon Publishing, (1982)

Peoples Revolutionary Government, Re: Stanley Cyrus and James Herry., Government Information Service, 1981.

Peoples Revolutionary Government, In the Spirit of Butler: Trade Unionism in Free Grenada., Fedon Publishing, (1982)

Searle, Chris (ed.), Carriacou and Petite Martinique: In the Mainstream of the Revolution, Fedon Publishing, (1982)

Searle, Chris and Don Rojas, compilers; editorials, interviews, ‘To Construct from Morning': Making the People's Budget in Grenada, Fedon Publishing, (1982)


Major Secondary Sources

These authors under the category Major Secondary Sources worked hard for their supper. They accumulated material from various sources, ordered and styled a narrative,opyright and the best of them attributed the source.

Adkin, Major Mark, Urgent Fury: The Battle for Grenada, Lexington Books, ©1989

Beck, Robert Joseph, Grenada Invasion: Politics, Law and Foreign Policy, Westview Press, ©1993

Brizan, George, Grenada: Island of Conflict, Macmillan Education Ltd, ©1998

Cole, Ronald H. Operation Urgent Fury: The Planning and Execution of Joint Operations on Grenada, 12 October—2 November 1983, Joint History Office; Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chief of Staff; US Government Printing Office, ©1997

DaBreo, D. Sinclair, The Grenada Revolution, M.A.P.S. Publication, ©1979

Grenada: The World Against the Crime, Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, ©1983

Jacobs, W. Richard and Basil Ian Jacobs, Grenada: The Route to Revolution, Casa de las Americás, 1979, ©1980

Lewis, Gordon, Grenada: The Jewel Despoiled, Johns Hopkins University Press, ©1987

Marable, Manning, African & Caribbean Politics: From Kwame Nkrumah to Maurice Bishop, Verso Press, ©1987

O'Shaughnessy, Hugh, Grenada: Revolution, Invasion and Aftermath, Sphere Books Ltd., ©1984

Payne, Anthony, Paul Sutton and Tony Thorndike, Grenada: Revolution and Invasion, St. Martin's Press, ©1984

Pryor, Frederic L., Revolutionary Grenada: A Study in Political Economy, Praeger Publishers, ©1986

Sandford, Gregory, The New Jewel Movement: Grenada's Revolution, 1979-1983, Center for the Study of Foreign Affairs, Dept. of State Publication, U.S. Government Printing Office, [1985]

Sandford, Gregory W. and Richard Vigilante, Grenada: The Untold Story, Madison Books, ©1984

Schoenhals, Kai P. and Richard A. Melanson, Revolution and Intervention in Grenada, Westview Press, ©1985

Thorndike, Tony, Grenada: Politics, Economics and Society, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc., ©1985

Trotman, Donald and Keith Friday, Human Rights in Grenada: A Survey of Political and Civil Rights in Grenada During the Period 1970-1983,The Bustamante Institute of Public and International Affairs, (1984)

Williams, Gary W.,Prelude to an Intervention: Grenada 1983, Journal of Latin American Studies, Volume 29, Number 1, February, 1997


Serials/Periodical Publications

More than wants to be counted in this bibliography, articles on the Grenada Revolution appeared in publications, main-stream to alternative; from the National Review to Time magazine; from Soldier of Fortune to the Intercontinental Press/Inprecor; from the New York Times to local newspapers usually carrying wire-service reports. Below are selected major periodicals. See Periodicals for leads to others.

Caribbean Review, Miami, FL, Volume 12, Number 4, Fall 1983

Hughes, Alister [columnist], Caribbean Monthly Bulletin, Institute of Caribbean Studies, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico, 1975-1984 (monthly).

[Hughes' Grenada section within Caribbean Monthly Bulletin was taken from issues of the Grenada Newsletter—see below].

Hughes, Alister [columnist], Grenada Newsletter, published by Alister and Cynthia Hughes in Grenada, established in 17 August 1973 until 1994.

Jarvis, Robin [editor], The Nation: Special Supplement - The Bishop Killers/Bishop Trial Report, Bridgetown, Barbados, December 1986

Pierre, Leslie [editor], The Grenadian Voice, St. George's, Grenada

Small Axe: a Caribbean Journal of Criticism, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, Number 22 corresponding to Volume 11, Number 1, 2007, a recent issue "On the Subject of Grenada" with contributions by David Scott, Merle Coillins, Edward L. Cox, Nicole Phillip, David Omowalé Franklyn, Susan Mains, Susan Meltzner, Oliver Benoit, Michael DeGale, Christene Clarkson, Canute Caliste, Meg Conlon, Esther O'Neale, Shirley Brathwaite, Jim Rudin, and Ron Sookram

The BOMB weekly newspaper, San Fernando, Trinidad, circa 1970 - 11 June 1982

See also Newspapers During the Time of the PRG
Specialty Secondary Sources

Many books were published in the 1983-1984 period and later. They have a definite point-of-view, of varying emphasis, expressed throughout the text. Not to disclaim their worth, these titles are useful within the scheme of Grenadian history.

Ambursley, Fitzroy and Robin Cohen, (eds.), Crisis in the Caribbean, Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, ©1983

Ambursley, Fitzroy and James Dunkerley, plus the Latin American Bureau, Grenada: Whose Freedom, Latin American Bureau (Research and Action) Ltd., ©1984

Ashby, Timothy, The Bear in the Backyard: Moscow's Caribbean Strategy, Lexington Books, ©1987

Clark, Steve, "The Second Assassination of Maurice Bishop," in the New International 6: A Magazine of Marxist Politics and Theory, ©1987

Cotman, John Walton,The Gorrión Tree: Cuba and the Grenada Revolution, Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., ©1993

Dujmovic, Nicholas, The Grenada Documents: Window on Totalitarianism, Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis and Pergamon-Brassey’s International Defense Publishers, ©1988

Dunn, Peter M. and Bruce W. Watson (eds.), American Intervention in Grenada: The Implications of Operation “Urgent Fury”, Westview Press, Inc., ©1985

The Ecumenical Program for Interamerican Communication and Action (EPICA) Task Force, Grenada: The Peaceful Revolution, EPICA Task Force, ©1982

McFarlane, Robert C., Special Trust, Cadell & Davies, ©1994

Millette, Robert and Mahin Gosine, The Grenada Revolution: Why It Failed, Africana Research Publications, ©1985

Searle, Chris, Grenada: The Struggle Against Destabilization, Writers and Readers Publishing, ©1983

Searle, Chris, Words Unchained: Language & Revolution in Grenada, Zed Books Ltd., ©1984

Tafari, Ikael, Rastafari in Transition: The Politics of Cultural Confrontation in Africa and the Caribbean (1966-1988), Volume I, published 2001 by Research Associates School Times Publications/Frontline Distribution Int'l Inc. and Miguel Lorne Publishers, Jamaica, ©2001 Ikael Tafari

Valenta, Jiri and Herbert J. Ellison (eds.), Grenada and Soviet/Cuban Policy:Internal Crisis and U.S./OECS Intervention, Westview Press, 1986

Wagner, Geoffrey Atheling, Red Calypso: The Grenadian Revolution and Its Aftermath, Regnery Gateway Inc., ©1988


Ancillary Subject Sources

Subjects run parallel, focus on one person/subject, or are helpful to understanding Grenadian history of the period from 1970-1984 - Caribbean histories, biographies of Grenadians, Grenadian histories outside 1970-1984 (especially the Gairy regime), cultural and political movements, and profiles/writings of Caribbean persons.

Allahar, Anton L., editor, Caribbean Charisma: Reflections on Leadership, Legitimacy and Populist Politics, Lynne Rienner Publishers, ©2001

Allsopp, Richard, A Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage, Oxford University Press, 1996

Augier, F.R. and S.C. Gordon, compilers, Sources of West Indian History, Longmans, Green and Co., Ltd., first published 1962.

Barclay, Ceylon, Red Rum Punch: Forging into the first post-Communist quagmire with my partner Uncle Sam, Cross Cultural Publications, Inc., Cross Roads Books, ©1994

Best, Lloyd, Black Power & National Reconstruction: Proposals following the February Revolution, Tapia House, (1970)

Brathwaite, Shirley Romain, Cacademo Grant: Hero of the People's Revolution, A CPE Production, Government Printery, Grenada, June 19, 1983

Brizan, George I., Education and Productive Work; during the regime of the People's Revolutionary Government, Grenada,
1979-1983
, [1983], [2003]

Campbell, Horace, Rasta and Resistance: From Marcus Garvey to Walter Rodney, Africa World Press, Inc., ©1987

Clement, Paul C., Petite Martinique: Traditions and Social Change, , ©1999, 2000

Compton, Shadel Nyack, Gertrude Protain, Belmont Estate Heritage Foundation (Great Greanadian Series), ©2004

Conference Committee, Institute of International Relations & University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, (Proceedings of a Conference on the Implications of Independence for Grenada, 11-13 January 1974) Independence for Grenada: Myth or Reality? Institute of International Relations, 1974

Dennis, Colin, The Road Not Taken: Memoirs of a Reluctant Guerilla, Kingston Publishers Limited, ©1985

DeRiggs, Anthony Wendell, Island Reminisciences, and other selections, ©2007

DeRiggs, Anthony Wendell, Recollections of an Island Man, ©2006

Devas, Raymond P., A History of the Island of Grenada, 1498-1796: With Some Notes and Comments on Carriacou and Events of Later Years, 2nd edition, Carenage Press, St. George's, Grenada, 1964, 1974

Fraser, Wilfred, Brotherhood of the Unicorn, Hibiscus Publishing, UK, ©2006

Gunson, Phil and Greg Chamberlain with additional material by Andrew Thompson, The Dictionary of Contemporary Politics of Central America and the Caribbean, Simon & Schuster, ©1991

Higman, B.W.,Writing West Indian Histories [Warwick University Caribbean Studies], Macmillan Education Ltd., ©1999

Hudson, Rex A., Castro's America Department: Coordinating Cuba's Support for Marxist-Leninist Violence in the Americas, Cuban American National Foundation, ©1988

Imported Publications 320 West Ohio Street, Chicago, IL 60610-4175 [catalog 1989-1990]

Jacobs, W. Richard, editor, Butler Versus the King: Riots and Sedition in 1937, Port-of-Spain, Key Caribbean Publications, 1976

Lent, John A.,"Mass Media in Grenada: Three Lives in a Decade," article in Journalism Quarterly, 1985, volume 62:number 4, p. 755-762

Lent, John A.,"Third World Mass Media and Their Search for Modernity: The Case of Commonwealth Caribbean, 1717-1976,",Bucknell University Press/Associated University Press, ©1977

Lewis, Paula, Alister Hughes, Belmont Estate Heritage Foundation (Great Greanadian Series), ©2004

Luna Mendoza, Jorge, Granada: La Nueva Joya del Caribe (Grenada: The New Jewel of the Caribbean] [in Spanish only], Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, ©1982.

Macoomeh, Queen, Tales from Icebox Land, Commess University Press, ©2007.

Mahabir, Cynthia, Crime and Nation-Building in the Caribbean: The Legacy of Legal Barriers,Schenkman Publishing Company, Inc., ©1985

Martin, John Angus, A-Z of Grenada Heritage, Macmillan-Caribbean, ©2007

Meeks, Brian W., Caribbean Revolutions and Revolutionary Theory: An Assessment of Cuba, Nicaragua and Grenada,Warwick University Caribbean Studies, Macmillan Caribbean, ©1993

Meeks, Brian W., Radical Caribbean: From Black Power to Abu Bakr, The Press University of the West Indies, ©1996

Minow, Martha, Between Vengeance and Forgiveness: Facing History after Genocide and Mass Violence, Beacon Press, ©1998

Morizot, Frédéric, Grenade: épices et poudre, une épopéee caraïbe [in French only], L'Harmattan, ©1988

Obika, Nyahuma, An Introduction to the Life and Times of T.U.B. Butler, the Father of the Nation, Caribbean Historical Society, ©1983.

Parry, J.H. and P.M. Sherlock, Short History of the West Indies, Macmillan & Co. Ltd./St. Martin's Press, ©1956

Pastor, Robert A., Exiting the Whirlpool: U.S. Foreign Policy Toward Latin America and the Caribbean, westview Press, 2nd edition, ©2001.

Recommendations of the Claims Commission, appointed by His Excellency Sir Paul Scoon, Governor-General, Government Printery, 1988

Renfrew, Nita M. and Peter Blauner, Ollie's Army: How a Macy's Engineer and His Pals Became Rogue American Agents, New York Magazine, December 7, 1987

Report of the Duffus Commission of Inquiry into The Breakdown of Law & Order, and Police Brutality in Grenada, (Duffus Commission, Kingston, Jamaica, 27 February 1975) - See also on this site the complete Duffus Report

Rodney, Walter, The Groundings with My Brothers, Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications, Research Associates, ©1969

[Rodney, Walter], Walter Rodney Speaks: the Making of an African Intellectual, edited by Robert A. Hill, Africa World Press Inc., ©1990

Sealy, Theodore, Sealy's Caribbean Leaders: A Personal Perspective on Major Political Caribbean Leaders Pre and Post Independence, Eagle Merchant Bank of Jamaica Ltd., ©1991

Searle, Chris, Words Unchained: Language & Revolution in Grenada, Zed Books Ltd., ©1984

Singham, Archie W., The Hero and the Crowd in a Colonial Polity, Yale University Press, ©1968

Snyder, Alvin A., Warriors of Disinformation: American Propaganda, Soviet Lies, and the Winning of the Cold War—An Insider's Account, Arcde Publishing, ©1995

Steele, Beverley A., Grenada: A History of Its People, Macmillan-Caribbean, ©2003.

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission Report Grenada, Volumes 1, 2 and 3, (T.R.C. Commission), Government Printery, Grenada, 2006) - See also on this site the complete TRC Report

Williams, Eric, From Columbus to Castro: A History of the Caribbean, 1492-1969, André Deutsch, Ltd., ©1970

Woodward, Bob, Veil: The Secret Wars of the CIA 1981-1987, Simon & Schuster, ©1987

Young Leaders of Presentation Brothers College 2000 and 2002, Under the Cover of Darkness, St. George's, Grenada, ©2002


Novels, Docu-Novels and Revolutionary Poetry

Fiction, based closely on events in Grenada related to the Gairy/Grenada Revolution period (even if not cited), including the undocumented history of docu-novels, provide an important narrative link to the times. Poetry adds its own special charms especially when read aloud before groups.

Collins, Merle, Angel, Seal Press [also The Womens Press, London], ©1987

Collins, Merle, Because the Dawn Breaks! Poems Dedicated to the Grenadian People, Karia Press, ©1985

Davis, John Gordon, A Woman Involved, Collins, London, ©1987

Freedom Has No Price: An Anthology of Poems: Festival of the Revolution, March 1-13, Grenada 1980, s.n., Modern Printing and Graphics, 1980

Gray, Mayo L'Oiseau, Savage Season, Fawcett Crest, ©1978

Jules, Didacus and Valerie Cornwall, eds., Tongues of the New Dawn: An Anthology of Poems: Festival of the Revolution, March 10-13, Grenada, s.n., Modern Printing and Graphics, 1981

Paterson, Maurice, Big Sky, Little Bullet: A Docu-Novel, revised edition '96, [s.n.] [Grenada], ©[1996]

Paterson, Maurice, Big Sky, Little Bullet: A Docu-Novel, , [s.n.] [Grenada], ©1992

Paterson, Maurice, [The] Future of the Past: A Tri-Story Publication, [s.n.] [Grenada], ©1991

Paterson, Maurice, So Far, So Mad: Four Factional Stories, [s.n.][Grenada], ©1994

Pendleton, Don, Don Pendleton's Executioner Mack Bolan: Death Wind, Worldwide, ©1989 [for fun]

Roberts-Squires, Maria, October All Over, Heinemann, ©2005

Shacochis, Bob, Swimming in the Volcano, Charles Scribner's Sons, © [1993]

Thomas, G.C.H., Ruler in Hiroona: A West Indian Novel, Macmillan Caribbean, © [1972], 1989

Waugh, Alec, Island in the Sun: A Story of the 1950's Set in the West Indies, Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, ©1955 [also in video, filmed in Grenada]

Whyte, Winston Michael, Burning Embers; or the Poems of a Prisoner, Dorrance, ©2003


Photographers

Photographers/filmmakers of the Grenada Revolution were Wayne Carter, John Douglas, George Lewis, Martin Ken Lewis, Richard MacDonald, Courtney McKie, Michael Miller, Joe Sylvester/Pablo Sylvester, Kevin Williams, Arthur Winner, and others.

If you have any contributions to this site re: names of photographers, or photographs, please click here


Potentially Forthcoming New Books

Word has it the people below are writing non-fiction or novels about the Grenada Revolution and Grenadian history. One can assume these people could use publisher contacts, printer recommendations and funds to maintain their livelihood during the writing process and to get their work printed and/or published. Definitive biographies are needed for Maurice Bishop and Eric Matthew Gairy, among others. Narratives of NJM youth and Gairy forces have yet to be published, among other stories vital to the culture and history of Grenada. Write down your stories. Support the writers. Get these stories in print before it is too late.

Budhlall, Kennedy
Campbell, D.C.
Cherebin, George
Coard, Bernard
DeRiggs, Chris
DeRiggs, Wendell Anthony [Reflections]
Fisher, Jeanne
Frederick, Eddie
George, Hudson
Glomski, Jacqueline
Hughes, Alister [via his estate]
Jessamy, Michael
Layne, Ewart
Noel, Lloyd
Paterson, Maurice
Ross, Jacob
Victor, Teddy [posthumously]


Political Study Groups

Political study groups, worker education groups, political education in the army, socialism [democratic socialism and scientific socialism] study groups were based on printed materials.

In 1974 serious work was begun by the New JEWEL party and the OREL group on learning the ideology of socialism, Marxism-Leninism, and party organization. Political education continued until the last quarter of 1983. The books in this list are those linked with study groups. If you have additional information, please notify. Most likely, the following books and the concepts within were studied:

Andreyev, Igor L., The Non-Capitalist Way, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1974, 1977

Brutents, Karen Nersesovich, The Liberation Struggle of the Asian and African Peoples at the Present Stage and Revolutionary Democracy, Novosti Press, 1977

Brutents, Karen Nersesovich, National Liberation Revolutions Today, Volumes 1 and 2, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1977

Carmichael, Stokely and Charles V. Hamilton, Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America, Random House, 1967

Castro, Fidel, Angola--Africa Girón, Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, 1976

Castro, Fidel, Fidel Castro Speaks, edited by Martin Kenner and James F. Petras, Penguin [and Grove Press], ©1969

Castro, Fidel, Seventh Anniversary of the CDR [Committees of the Defence of the Revolution], Instituto del Libro, 1968

Duan, Le, On the Socialist Revolution in Vietnam, Volume I, Volume II, Volume III, Foreign Languages Publishing House, Hanoi, 1965

Duan, Le, Some Present Tasks, Foreign Languages Publishing House, Hanoi, 1974.

Fanon, Frantz, (Studies in) A Dying Colonialism, Monthly Review Press, 1965

Fanon, Frantz, Wretched of the Earth, Grove Press, 1963

Freire, Pablo, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Herder and Herder, NY, 1970, 1972

Lenin, Vladimir Il'ich, various works including ‘Left Wing' Communism—An Infantile Disorder; What Is To Be Done?; Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism; The State and Revolution; The Right of Nations to Self-Determination, among others.

Lenin, Vladimir Il'ich,To the Rural Poor: An Explanation for the Peasants of What the Social-Democrats Want, Progress Publisher 1867, 1872; also International Publishers, 1954

Lunacharsky, Anatoly Vasilievich, On Education: Selected Articles and Speeches; Progress Publishers, 1981

Marx, Karl, various works including Capital; also A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, among others.

[Marx, Karl], Karl Marx: Selected Writings in Sociology and Social Philosophy, edited by T.B. Bottomore and M. Rubel, Penguin, 1961

Marx, Karl and Frederick Engels, various works including On Colonialism, The Communist Manifesto, among others.

Munroe, Trevor, ABC of Scientific Socialism: A Series of Lectures by Trevor Munroe, Kingston, Jamaica, August 1980, among others.

Nkrumah, Kwame, Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of Imperialism, International Publishers, 1966

Nkrumah, Kwame, Handbook of Revolutionary Warfare, International Publishers, 1969

Nyerere, Julius K., The Arusha Declaration, Government Printer, Dar es Salaam, 1967

Nyerere, Julius K., Ujamaa: Essays on Socialism, Oxford University Press, 1968

Ponomaryov, B.N. [Boris Nikolaevich], Some Problems of the Revolutionary Movement, Peace and Socialism International, Prague, 1975

Popov, UI.N. [Yuri Nikolaevich], Series:ABC of Political Science [multiple titles]

Pronin, I. and M. Stepichev, Leninist Standards of Party Life, Progress Publishers, 1969; [Maurice Bishop recommended CC members read this during the 08/26/83 emergency meeting].

Qaddafi, Muammar Mohammed, in 1976The Green Book, Part One—The Solution of the Problem of Democracy: 'The Authority of the People,' in 1978 The Green Book, Part Two—The Solution of the Economic Problem: 'Socialism,' and in June 1979, The Green Book, Part Three—The Social Basis of the Third Universal Theory. These original English-language versions were small pamphlets, published by the Public Establishment for Publishing, Advertising, and Distribution in Tripoli, Libya.

Slovo, J., "A Critical Appraisal of the Non-Capitalist Path and the National Democratic State in Africa," Marxism Today, June, 1974

Solodovnikov, V.G. and V. Bogoslovsky, Non-Capitalist Development: An Historical Outline, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1975

Solodovnikov, V.G.The Present Stage of the Non-Capitalist Development in Asia and Africa,Budapest, 1973

Thomas, Clive Y., Dependence and Transformation: The Economics of the Transition to Socialism, Monthly Review Press, 1974

Thomas, Clive Y., 'The Havana Declaration of June 1975,' paper presented to the Conference on Contemporary Trends and Issues in Caribbean International Affairs, Trinidad, May 23-27, 1977

Ul'ianovsky, R.A., The Comintern and the East: The Struggle for the Leninist Strategy and Tactics in National Liberation Movements, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1979

Ul'ianovsky, R.A., The Dollar and Asia: U.S. Neo-Colonialist Policy in Action, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1965

Ul'ianovsky, R.A., National Liberation: Essays on Theory and Practice, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1978

Ul'ianovsky, R.A., The October Revolution in Russia and the Revolutionary Process in Asian and African Countries, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1977

Ul'ianovsky, R.A., Socialism and the Newly Independent Nations, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1974


A list of books used in a late 1975 NJM internal study series on the subject of the Cuba Revolution.

Boorstein, Edward, The Economic Transformation of Cuba, Monthly Review Press, 1968, 1969

Castro, Fidel, Report of the Central Committee of the CP Cuba to the First Congress, Departamento de Orientación Revolucionaria del Comité Central del Partido Comunista de Cuba, 1975

Cuba, The Constitution of the Republic of Cuba

Cuba, Cuban Family Code

Guevara, Ernesto, Episodes of the Revolutionary War, International Publishers, 1968

Guevara, Ernesto, Reminiscences of the Cuban Revolutionary War, Monthly Review Press, 1968

Guevara, Ernesto, On Vietnam and World Revolution, Merit Publishers, NY, 1967

Huberman, Leo and Paul M. Sweezy, Cuba: Anatomy of a Revolution, Monthly Review Press, 1960

Huberman, Leo and Paul M. Sweezy, Socialism in Cuba, Monthly Review Press, 1969

Karol, K.S., Guerrillas in Power: The Course of the Cuban Revolution, Hill & Wang, 1970

Millette, James, Cuba Since 1959: A Commonsense View of Economic Development, United National Independence Party, Trinidad, pamphlet, 1973


In Prime Minister Maurice Bishop's speech at the Heroes Day rally on 19 June 1979, he announced repeal of Statutory Rule and Order (SR&O) of 1965. Following the repeal publications described below were allowed into the country.
Austria Three publications published by the International Institute for Peace (IIFP) in Vienna, and the Bulletin of the World Peace Council
Canada World Marxist Review
Cuba Eight publications including Hoy, Revolución and Cuba Socialists
Czechoslovakia    Three publications including World Student News
East Germany Women of the Whole World
Egypt Afro-Asian Bulletin
Hungary World Federation of Democratic Youth News
Switzerland Africa, Latin America, Asia Revolution
United Kingdom Six publications including World Trade Union Movement and Scientific World
Russia Soviet Woman
World Federation of Trade Unions Nine publications, including Land and Labour, Information Bulletin and For Democratic Education


By October, 1982 a Marxism-Leninism 8-week crash course included:

Lenin, Vladimir Il'ich, The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism, Progress Publishers, 1969

Stalin, Joseph, Dialectical and Historical Materialism, International Publishers, 1940

Stalin, Joseph, Foundations of Leninism, International Publishers, 1939

Most likely Caribbean politicians, writers and scholars were studied:

Castro, Fidel, Remarks on the Committee for the Defence of the Revolution

Castro, Fidel, Angola, Africa Girón

Emmanuel, Patrick A.M., "Revolutionary Theory and Political Reality in the Eastern Caribbean," Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, vol. 25, no. 2, May 1983, p. 193-227 (modified version of a paper presented at the Seventh Annual Conference of the Caribbean Studies Association held in Kingston, Jamaica, 25-29 May 1982)

Thomas, Clive Yolande, "The Non-Capitalist Part as Theory and Practice of decolonization and Socialist Transformation," Latin American Perspectives, vol. 5, no. 2 (Spring), p. 10-28


Legal Matters

Legalities and illegalities surrounded events of the Grenada Revolution. There were questions related to international law and the decision to land American troops in Grenada. The justice rendered in the Maurice Bishop Murder trial of the Grenada 17 has been challenged. The 'People's Laws' enacted between 1979-1983 by the People's Revolutionary Government (PRG) provide the basis for enactment of procedures and events. The issue of constitutional reform has bearing on the foundation of law in Grenada.

Amnesty International, News Release, 2003: Grenada: 20 years on, time to remedy unfair trial of Grenada 17

Amnesty International, Report, 2003: Grenada: The Grenada 17: the last of the cold war prisoners?

Beck, Robert Joseph, Grenada Invasion: Politics, Law and Foreign Policy, Westview Press, ©1993

Beck, Robert Joseph, "International Law and the Decision to Invade Grenada,” The Virginia Journal of International Law, Summer, 1993

Beck, Robert Joseph, "The 'McNeil Mission' and the Decision to Invade Grenada,” Naval War College Review, Spring, 1991

Boyle, Francis A. and seven other US law professors: Abram Chayes, Isaak Dore, Richard Falk, Martin Feinrider, C. Clyde Ferguson Jr., J. David Fine, Keith Nunes, Burns Weston, “International Lawlessness in Grenada,” American Journal of International Law, January, 1984

Coard, Bernard, "‘Justice in Grenada is on Trial’, Statement of Bernard Coard, at the Kangaroo Trial of the Political Leadership and Soldiers of the Grenada Revolution 13-20 August, 1986, Friends for Jamaica, Caribbean Newsletter, 1986

Davidson, J. Scott, Grenada: A Study in Politics and the Limits of International Law, Gower Publishing Company Ltd, ©1987, 1986

Deosaran, Ramesh, ed., The Grenada File: The Media, Law and Politics (articles by Ramesh Deosaran, Sir Archibald Nedd, J.O.F. Haynes, Ian Ramsey, Randolph McIntosh, Lloyd Noel and David Adler), Extra-Mural Publications, University of the West Indies, Trinidad, ©June 1989

Dieguez, Richard P., "The Grenada Intervention: 'Illegal' in Form, Sound as Policy," International Law and Politics, Summer, 1984

Friends for Jamaica, The Frame-Up of Cecil Prime: Five Years of Crimes Against a Grenadian Patriot, ©Friends for Jamaica, 1989

Friends for Jamaica, The Side You Have Not Heard: The Maurice Bishop Murder Trial (Parts 1 & 2), Friends for Jamaica, 1987

Gifford, Tony, The Grenada Murder Trial: No Case for Hanging, Committee for Human Rights in Grenada, London, 1987

Gordon, Edward, et al, "International Law and the United States Action in Grenada: A Report", International Lawyer, Vol. 18, No. 2 Spring 1984

Gosselin, Daniel, Jus ad Bellum and the 1983 Grenada Invasion: The Limits of International Law, Department of National Defense, Canadian Forces College, ©1998

Government of Grenada, People's Law, Interim Government Proclamations and Ordinances, Confirmation of Validity Act, 1985 (Act No. 1 of 1985), Government Printing Office

Government of Grenada, The People's Laws 1979 [1980], [1981], [1982] and [1983], Government Printing Office

Grenadians for the Truth About October 1983, The Conduct of the Grenadian Judiciary Since the 1983 U.S. Invasion, nd.

Hart, W. Richard, The Grenada Trial: A Travesty of Justice, Foundation for Phyllis Coard; Gentle Printers Jamaica, 1996

Jarvis, Robin, ed., "Bishop Trial Report," A special Nation publication, 1986

Joyner, Christopher C., Moore, John Norton and Detlev F. Vagts, “Reflections on the Lawfulness of Invasion,” American Journal of International Law, January, 1984

McIntosh, Simeon C.R., Caribbean Constitutional Reform: Rethinking West Indian Polity, The Caribbean Law Publishing Company, © Simeon McIntosh, 2002

McIntosh, Simeon C.R., "“Kelsen in the ‘Grenada Court’: Revolutionary Legality Revisited," Caribbean Law Review, June, 1995

Moore, John Norton, "Law and the Grenada Mission," University of Virginia Law School, ©1984

Nedd, Archibald [Sir], The Grenada Revolution, the Supreme Court and the Doctrine of Necessity. Presentation Address [at] the Council of Legal Education, Hugh Wooding Law School, St. Augustine, Trinidad [on] Saturday, October 12, 1984, UWI, Council of Legal Education, Trinidad, 1985

Robinson, Davis R., "Letter from the Legal Adviser, United States Department of State" [to Prof. Edward Gordon, Chairman, Committee on Grenada, Section on International Law and Practice, American Bar Association, February 10, 1984]", International Lawyer, Vol. 18, No. 2 Spring 1984

Vagts, Detlev F., "“International Law Under Time Pressure: Grading the Grenada Take-Home Examination,” American Journal of International Law, January, 1984


The New Jewel Movement [NJM] had a research library which may or may not have been started in St. David's Parish. This link is to an undated Draft Inventory of the NJM Research Library.

Imported Publications, Inc. and Progress Publishers

For a listing of sound recordings, films, videos and other media, please link on this site to Mediagraphy.

For the Schedule of Importation of Publication (Prohibition) Order of 14 April 1989.

You can link on this site to

The People's Laws

People's Laws of 1979

People's Laws of 1980

People's Laws of 1981

People's Laws of 1982

People's Laws of 1983

Check out the current 1973 Grenada Constition

Constitution of Grenada


Copyright for the Grenada Revolution Online Bibliography

Note the Bibliographical Copyright ©2000-2008 by Ann Elizabeth Wilder. All rights reserved.

The copyright notice is for the compilation and the presentation of the Bibliography page of http://www.thegrenadarevolutiononline.com/page15.html.

Usually consent is given that the collection may be copied and distributed only, without charge, and only for research or educational purposes, if

  1. you ask for consent before copying anything
  2. the complete collection is copied or a headed section is copied
  3. the copy is kept up-to-date at regular intervals

Any copy must be accompanied by a reference to the original collection and its author.

In particular, the complete bibliographical collection or a headed bibliographical section may not be sold for profit or included in commercial documents (e.g., published on CD-ROM, floppy disks, books, magazines, or other print form) without the prior written permission of the copyright holder.

Links to the Bibliography of the Grenada Revolution may be made without notification.


Next: People's Laws      Back: Television

     Home Page: FAQs      Site Map

Links valid as of April 1, 2008

©2001-2008 compiled by Ann Elizabeth Wilder. All Rights Reserved.

          CONTACT